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Maria of Hohenstaufen (3 April 1201 - 29 March 1235) was a member of the powerful Hohenstaufen dynasty of German kings which lasted from 1138 to 1254. She is also known to history as Marie of Swabia. She was the third daughter of Philip of Swabia and Irene Angelina of Byzantium, and her husband was Henry II, Duke of Brabant and Lothier. As she had died six months before her husband succeeded to the dukedom, Maria was never Duchess of Brabant and Lothier. Maria of Hohenstaufen was born in Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy on 3 April 1201. Her paternal grandparents were Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor and Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy, and her mother's parents were Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelos and his first wife Herina. Emperor Frederick II was her first cousin. In 1208, at the age of seven, Maria was left an orphan by the unexpected deaths of her parents. On 21 June, her father was murdered by Otto of Wittelsbach, and two months later her mother died after giving birth to a daughter, who did not live beyond early infancy. Maria had three surviving sisters. Siblings[edit] Beatrice of Hohenstaufen (1198-1212), married Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor. The marriage was childless. Cunigunde of Hohenstaufen (1200-1248), married in 1228 King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia, by whom she had issue. Elizabeth of Hohenstaufen (1203 - 5 November 1235), married in 1219 King Ferdinand III of Castile, by whom she had issue, including King Alfonso X of Castile. She was his first wife. Ferdinand married his second wife Jeanne de Dammartin, Countess of Ponthieu before August 1237, by whom he had issue, including Eleanor of Castile, Queen consort of King Edward I of England. Marriage and issue[edit] Sometime before 22 August 1215, she married as his first wife Henry, heir to the Duchy of Brabant (present-day Belgium) and Lothier. They had six children, and through them, Maria is the ancestress of every royal house in Europe: Matilda of Brabant (14 June 1224 - 29 September 1288), married firstly, Robert I of Artois, by whom she had two children, Robert II of Artois and Blanche of Artois; she married secondly Guy III, Count of Saint-Pol, by whom she had six children. Beatrix of Brabant (1225 - 11 November 1288), married firstly Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia, and secondly William III of Dampierre. She died childless. Maria of Brabant (c. 1226 - 18 January 1256), married Louis II, Duke of Bavaria. She was beheaded by her husband on suspicion of infidelity. Margaret of Brabant (died 14 March 1277), Abbess of Herzogenthal. Henry III, Duke of Brabant (c. 1230 - 28 February 1261), married Adelaide of Burgundy (c. 1233 - 23 October 1273), daughter of Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy, by whom he had issue, including Henry IV, Duke of Brabant, John I, Duke of Brabant, and Maria of Brabant, Queen consort of King Philip III of France. Philip of Brabant, died young. Death Maria of Hohenstaufen died on 29 March 1235 in Leuven, Brabant, five days before her thirty-fourth birthday. Less than six months later, her husband succeeded his father as Duke of Brabant and Lothier. In 1241, Henry married his second wife, Sophie of Thuringia, the daughter of Ludwig IV of Thuringia and Elisabeth of Hungary. The marriage produced two children: Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse and Elizabeth of Brabant, who married Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Sophie was the only wife of Henry to be styled Duchess of Brabant and Lothier. The Hohenstaufen, also called Staufer Dynasty, German dynasty that ruled the Holy Roman Empire from 1138 to 1208 and from 1212 to 1254. The founder of the line was the count Frederick (died 1105), who built Staufen Castle in the Swabian Jura Mountains and was rewarded for his fidelity to Emperor Henry IV by being appointed duke of Swabia as Frederick I in 1079. He later married Henry's daughter Agnes. His two sons, Frederick II, duke of Swabia, and Conrad, were the heirs of their uncle, Emperor Henry V, who died childless in 1125. After the interim reign of the Saxon Lothair III, Conrad became German king and Holy Roman emperor as Conrad III in 1138. Subsequent Hohenstaufen rulers were Frederick I Barbarossa (Holy Roman Emperor 1155-90), Henry VI (Holy Roman Emperor 1191-97), Philip of Swabia (King 1198-1208), Frederick II (King, 1212-50, Emperor 1220-50), and Conrad IV (King 1237-54). The Hohenstaufen, especially Frederick I and Frederick II, continued the struggle with the papacy that began under their Salian predecessors, and were active in Italian affairs. The imperial dynasty was interrupted in 1208-12 by the brief reign of Otto IV, Duke of Aquitaine of the House of Welf. http://en.wikipedia.org
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