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Robert I of France (866-923) was the king of West Francia from 922 to 923. Before his succession to the kingdom he was Count of Poitiers, Count of Paris and Marquis of Neustria and Orléans. He succeeded the Carolingian king Charles the Simple, who in 898 had succeeded Robert’s brother Odo. Life Robert was born in 866 the posthumous son of Robert the Strong, count of Anjou, and the brother of Odo, who became king of the Western Franks in 888.[1] West Francia evolved over time into France;[2] under Odo, the capital was fixed on Paris, a large step in that direction. Robert and Odo's family is known as the Robertians.[3] Robert was present at the Siege of Paris in 885.[4] He was appointed by Odo as the ruler of several counties, including the county of Paris, and abbot in commendam of many abbeys. Robert also secured the office of Dux Francorum, a military dignity of high importance. He did not claim the crown of West Francia when his brother died in 898; instead recognized the supremacy of the Carolingian king, Charles the Simple. Charles then confirmed Robert in his offices and possessions, after which he continued to defend northern Francia from the attacks of the Norsemen. Robert defeated a large band of Norse in the Loire Valley in 921, and the defeated invaders converted to Christianity and settled near Nantes.[5] The peace between the king and his powerful vassal was not seriously disturbed until about 921. The rule of Charles, and especially his partiality for a certain Hagano, had aroused some irritation; and, supported by many of the clergy and by some of the most powerful of the Frankish nobles, Robert took up arms, drove Charles into Lorraine, and was himself crowned king of the Franks (rex Francorum) at Rheims on 29 June 922.[6] Robert's rule was contested by the Viking leader Rollo, who had settled in Normandy in 911 with the permission of Charles the Simple. During Robert's reign, Rollo remained loyal to Charles, who continued to contest his deposition.[5] Collecting an army, Charles marched against the usurper and, on 15 June 923, in a battle near Soissons, Robert was killed, but his army won the battle, and Charles was captured.[7] Charles remained a captive until his death in 929. Robert was succeeded as king by his son-in-law Rudolph, Count of Burgundy, also known as Raoul.[8] Family Robert's first wife was Aelis.[9] By her he had two daughters(?): Adele of France (c.?887-aft. March 931) to Herbert II of Vermandois[10][11] Robert married secondly, c.?890, Béatrice of Vermandois, daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois.[1] Together they had : Emma of France (894-935), married to Rudolph, Duke of Burgundy[10] Hugh the Great,(898-) who was later dux Francorum.[1] Hugh was the father of Hugh Capet, King of the Franks.[12] References ^ Jump up to: a b c Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 10 Jump up ^ Colin Jones, The Cambridge Illustrated History of France (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), p. 74 Jump up ^ Jim Bradbury, The Capetians: kings of France, 987-1328 (London: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), p. 34 Jump up ^ Robert F. Berkhofer, Day of Reckoning: Power and Accountability in Medieval France (Philadelphia, Pa. University of Pennsylvania Press 2004). p. 29 ^ Jump up to: a b Roger Collins, Early Medieval Europe, 300-1000, Second Edition (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999), pp. 376-7 Jump up ^ The Annals of Flodoard of Reims, 916-966, eds & trans. Steven Fanning: Bernard S. Bachrach (New York; Ontario, Can: University of Toronto Press, 2011), pp. 6-7 Jump up ^ The Annals of Flodoard of Reims, 916-966, eds & trans. Steven Fanning: Bernard S. Bachrach (New York; Ontario, Can: University of Toronto Press, 2011), pp. 7-8 Jump up ^ Roger Collins, Early Medieval Europe, 300-1000, Second Edition (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999), p. 361 Jump up ^ The Annals of Flodoard of Reims, 916-966, eds & trans. Steven Fanning: Bernard S. Bachrach (New York; Ontario, Can: University of Toronto Press, 2011), p. 92 ^ Jump up to: a b Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band III Teilband 1 (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 49 Jump up ^ The Annals of Flodoard of Reims, 916-966, eds & trans. Steven Fanning: Bernard S. Bachrach (New York; Ontario, Can: University of Toronto Press, 2011), pp. 21 n. 77, 92 Jump up ^ Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 11 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Another version: Robert I, younger son of Robert the Strong of Neustria, and briefly King of France (922-923), or West Francia. His decisive victory over the Northmen at Chartres (911) led to a treaty settling one group of these fierce warriors in Normandy. Robert faithfully served his older brother, King Eudes, during Eudes's reign (888-898). Though on Eudes's death he became one of the most powerful Frankish lords, inheriting all the family lands between the Seine and the Loire rivers, he swore fealty with other magnates to the new king, the Carolingian Charles III the Simple. Nevertheless, he was already served in his domains by viscounts, officials usually regarded as instruments of regal power. From 911 onward, his role became more decisive: his defeat of the Northmen at Chartres paved the way for the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, by which Charles assigned them territory in Normandy. Robert's military success greatly enhanced his prestige, and dissension between him and the King became undisguised. When Charles III imprudently offered preferment exclusively to lords from Lorraine, the Neustrian lords, led by Robert, broke into open revolt. They elected Robert king at Reims in June 922. In a battle near Soissons a year later, Charles's army was routed, but Robert was killed. His grandson was Hugh Capet, founder of the Capetian dynasty. Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite.
William B.
