Beatrix DE VERMANDOIS
Characteristics
| Type | Value | Date | Place | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | Beatrix DE VERMANDOIS |
[1]
|
Parents
| Heribert DE VERMANDOIS |
Sources
| 1 | Foundation for Medieveal Geneology, Northern France, Nobility - Chapter 13: Comtes de Vermandois
Author: Charles Cawley
Publication: Name: Medeival Lands; Location: Oak House, Vowchurch, Hereford, HR20RB, England; Date: 2001-2011;
|
| The nobility shown here under "Northern France" is grouped togetherfor geographical convenience. The area never developed as a singlepolitical entity at any time during the medieval period, for thereasons suggested below. The territory corresponds approximately to the present-day Frenchdépartements of Pas-de-Calais, Somme, Nord and Aisne, as well as whatwas the non-imperial part of the county of Flanders. In the middlemedieval period, the area was bordered to the south-west by the duchyof Normandy, to the south by the domaine royale of the Capetian kingsof France, to the south-east by the county of Champagne and to theeast by imperial territory. Ecclesiastically, it fell within theprovince of Reims, and was divided into the bishoprics of Amiens,Arras, Cambrai (an archbishopric from the 16th century, when it wassubdivided into the bishoprics of Antwerp and Mechelen), Laon, Noyon,Thérouanne (later divided into the bishoprics of Boulogne, Ypres andSt Omer) and Tournai (from which Bruges and Gent were established asseparate bishoprics in the 16th century)[1]. The area was dominated in the north by the counts of Flanders and inthe south by the counts of Vermandois. The balanced rivalry betweenthese two counties appears to have been the major factor whichprevented the emergence of a single political force in northern Franceduring the early 10th century. The county of Flanders was formedaround Bruges in 863, when Charles II "le Chauve" King of the WestFranks granted the pagus flandrensis to Baudouin, who had earlierabducted the king's daughter. The grant was subsequently expanded toinclude Ternois, the land of Waas and the lay abbacy of St Pieter ofGent[2]. Baudouin II Count of Flanders expanded the family'sterritory into Courtrai, Boulogne and Ternois. The county ofVermandois was formed by Héribert, a descendant of the earlyCarolingian kings of Italy whose direct ancestors had establishedthemselves as counts in the area north of Paris. Héribert acquiredVermandois and Saint-Quentin in 896, followed by Soissons in 898[3].His son count Héribert [II] acquired control over the archbishopricof Reims by engineering the appointment of his infant son asarchbishop in 925. He also acquired Amiens, the Vexin and Artois,although these territories were disputed by Arnoul I Count ofFlanders. The rivalry between the counts of Vermandois and the countsof Flanders was triggered in 896 by the murder of the brother of CountBaudouin II by the forces of count Héribert [I] and persistedthroughout the first half of the 10th century. The two power-basesappear to have been evenly balanced, the result being that neither wasable to dominate the whole of northern France. A second factor which must have rendered domination by either sidemore difficult was that the territory of the bishopric of Cambrai,located directly north of Vermandois and south of Flanders, had beenallocated to Lotharingia under the 843 treaty of Verdun, while therest of northern France fell within the kingdom of the West Franks.Cambrai therefore represented a political barrier to either sideextending control into the eastern part of the other's territory.Both the Flanders and Vermandois families lost political power duringthe early part of the second half of the 10th century. The territoryof the Vermandois family was partitioned after the death of countHéribert [II] in 943 to provide appanages for his three sons, none ofwhom appears to have inherited their father's energy. In thefollowing century, most of the county of Vermandois passed byinheritance into the domaine royale of the Capetian kings. InFlanders, count Arnoul was succeeded in 965 by his infant grandson,under the guardianship of the French king Lothaire who was able totake control of Artois and Ostrevant, thereby establishing a permanentbarrier to any further southward expansion by Flanders. The county of Boulogne on the North Sea coast developed under thecontrol of the counts of Flanders. The history of the county beforeits capture by Flanders has not been traced. The first Flemish countof Boulogne was Adalolf, who succeeded his father Baudouin II Count ofFlanders in Boulogne in 918. Adalolf and his immediate successorsacquired control over Thérouanne, Fauquemberghes and Saint-Omer in thenorthern part of Ternois, but these territories were seized byBaudouin IV Count of Flanders in the early 1000s. The countyBoulogne was held by the same family until the 1120s, when it passedby marriage to a branch of the counts of Blois. A younger brother ofEustache II Comte de Boulogne briefly held the county of Lens in themid-11th century, before it was incorporated into Flanders. During the late 9th and 10th centuries counties are recorded atCambrai (see LOWER LOTHARINGIAN NOBILITY) and Laon, to the north andeast of Vermandois. The details of the history of the county of Laonare obscure. Roger II Count of Laon was dispossessed in 931. The area around Ponthieu, extending approximately from the riverCanche in the north to the river Somme in the south, was conquered byArnoul I Count of Flanders in [940]. It developed into a separatecounty in the early 11th century, based around territory which wasgranted by Hugues "Capet" King of France to Hugues, avocat deSaint-Riquier, who had married the king's daughter some time in the980s. The county was inherited by the Norman family ofBellême/Montgommery in the late 11th century, and by the family of thecounts of Dammartin in the early 1220s. A disputed inheritanceresulted in the county passing into English control in 1281. The county of Guines was founded in 928 by the Viking Siegfried in thenorthern coastal part of the county of Boulogne, his descendants inthe male line continuing to rule the county until 1137, according tothe 12th century Historia Comitum Ghisnensium although there aredoubts concerning the accuracy of this source as discussed furtherbelow. Thereafter, the county passed by marriage to the family of thechâtelain (burchgraeve in Flemish) of Gand/Gent who remained incontrol until the late 13th century. In the southern part of Ternois, the county of Saint-Pol was formed inthe early 11th century as a fiefdom of the county of Boulogne. Thecounty remained in the same family until the late 12th century when itpassed by marriage to the Seigneurs de Châtillon-sur-Marne, a noblefamily from Champagne. Families of the lesser nobility also included in this document includethe Châtelains de Bourbourg, from the early 12th century, theChâtelains de Douai (from the mid-11th century, who also acquired thechâtellenie of Cambrai by marriage), the Seigneurs de Guise, and theSeigneurs de Chaumont-en-Vexin (descendants of the counts ofVermandois). The counts of Flanders are shown in the document "FLANDERS, Counts",and the nobility associated with them in "FLANDERS, Nobility". |
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