Cunégunde DE FRANCE

♀ Cunégunde DE FRANCE

Eigenschaften

Art	Wert	Datum	Ort	Quellenangaben
Name	Cunégunde DE FRANCE
Name	de Lotharingie

Ereignisse

Art	Datum	Ort	Quellenangaben
Geburt	893
Tod	nach 923
_UPD
Heirat
_UPD

Ehepartner und Kinder

Heirat	Ehepartner	Kinder
	Wigeric o Wideric o Wederic DE LOTHARINGIE	etwa 911 Gozlin o Gothelon o Gozelo DE BIDGAU ♂

Notizen zu dieser Person

<h1 style="line-height: normal; text-transform: none; font-variant: normal; font-style: normal; text-indent: 0px; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; white-space: normal; letter-spacing: normal; color: #000000; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><img src="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/f.gif" alt="FEMALE" width="16" height="16" /> Cunégonde/Kunigund</h1>

<h3 style="line-height: normal; text-transform: none; font-variant: normal; font-style: normal; text-indent: 0px; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; white-space: normal; letter-spacing: normal; color: #000000; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">Married (1) Wigeric, count in Bidgau; (2) Ricuin, count of Verdun.</h3>

Cunégonde appears in an act of 908×915, when king Charles the Simple gave to the church of Saint-Lambert at Liège the abbacy of Hastière an der Maas, then held by royal order by count Windricus for his life and the lives of his wife Cunigundis and of Adalbero, one of his sons, nepos of Charles ("... diebus vite sue et uxoris eius nomine Cunegundis et unius filiorum ipsorum videlicet nostri nepotis Adelberonis, ..."), with the qualification that they continue to hold the said abbacy for their lives [Wampach (1935), 164-6 (#144); see <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric's page</a> for a complete transcript]. The suggestion of Depoin that an earlier appearance in 891 of a Wintharius and Kunigunda refers to this couple is not chronologically possible, as Cunégonde could not have been married at such an early date [Depoin (1905-8), 28].

Date of Birth: Say 885×895. Although there is no record of her birth, it can be placed within relatively narrow chronological limits by the obervations that her mother was probably not born before ca. 870 [see Parisot (1907-8), 58: 11] and her son Adalbero, who became archbishop in 929, was unlikely to have been born later than 910 [see below]. Place of Birth: Unknown.

Date of Death: Possibly 2 October, year unknown. The Merseberg necrology has a "Cunice com." under 2 October, as does the necrology of St. Maximin of Trier/Trèves [See Althoff (1984), 419 (G 143)], where Sigefroid of Luxemburg and his wife were buried. That, plus the fact that the Merseberg necrology includes several relatives of the empress Kunigund (including Sigefroid and his wife Hedwig), suggests that "Cunice com." was the present countess Cunégonde/Kunigund. Place of Death: Unknown.

Father: Unknown. For conjectures regarding his identity, see the Commentary section below.

Mother: <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/ermen102.htm">Ermentrude</a>, daughter of <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/louis001.htm">Louis II le Begue</a>, king of France. For details, see below in the Commentary section.

Spouses: See the pages of Wigeric and Ricuin for further details. For a hypothetical third marriage which has been suggested by some, see the Commentary section.

(1) <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric</a>, living 19 January 916, count in Bidgau. Cunégonde is documented as wife of Wigeric in a document of Charles the Simple (see above) and in a document of her son Adalbero (see below).

(2) m. 916×923, <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/richw000.htm">Ricuin/Richwin</a> (Richizo), d. 923, count of Verdun. This marriage is verified by the life of abbot John of Gorze, which refers to Richizo (clearly Ricuin of Verdun) as the vitricus (step-father) of bishop Adalbero [Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 105, 134].

Children: The children of Cunégonde require a detailed discussion. These children can be divided into three main categories, children by Wigeric, children probably by Wigeric, and children whose father is ambiguous. Any children of Cunégonde who were not by Wigeric would almost certainly be by Ricuin, as the hypothetical third marriage which has been argued by some is unconvincing. These points, along with a list of some falsely attributed children, are discussed in detail below in the Commentary section.

Children by Wigerich: Two children, Adalbero and Liutgarde, are directly documented as children of Wigeric and Cunégonde, and Gozlin can be ruled out as a son of Ricuin by chronological considerations, as discussed below.

<img src="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/m.gif" alt="MALE" width="16" height="16" /> Adalbero I, b. say 905×910?, d. 26 April 962, bishop of Metz, 929-962. The most well documented son of Wigeric and Cunegonde, he is referred to as their son in a diploma of Charles the Simple [Wampach #144 (pp. 164-6); see <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric's page</a> for a complete transcript], and he mentioned Wigeric as his genitor in one of his own charters, which involved the same abbey of Hastières which was the subject of the diploma of Charles ["... genitor meus nobilis comes Vigiricus ..." Wampach (1935), 200 (#158)]. He is described as being of royal blood on both the mother's and father's side ["Adalbero, preter spem omnium, cum esset regii quidem paterna simul ac materna stirpe longe retro usque ab hominum memoria sanguinis, sed ob rei familiaris inopiam, qua secundis matris nuptiis laborabat, ..." Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 40, 76]. His predecessor at Metz, bishop Benno, was blinded in 928, and Adalbero replaced him as bishop in 929 ["Benno Mettensis episcopus, insidiis appetitus, eviratus, luminibusque privatus est." Flodoard, Annales, s.a. 928, 43; "Deroldus medicus episcopatum Ambianensem adipiscitur, Albero Mettensem; Bennoni quadam abbatia sustentationis tenore concessa." ibid., s.a. 929, 44]. Adalbero was young when he became bishop, and he had as an advisor in his early years his uncle (patruus) Frédéric ["... In his patruus iam dicti venerabilis domni Adelberonis fuit Fridericus, qui infantulus quidem monasterio sancti Humberti fuerat mancipatus, ..., episcopo adhuc tunc iunioris ætatis adherens, ..." Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 55, 86-8]. This probably means only that he was below the canonical age of thirty, not that he was still a boy, and the estimated birthdate range given for him above should be reasonably close. His date of death is given as 962 in some sources [e.g., "Eodem anno Adalbero benerabilis vir, Mettensis episcopus, obiit." Regino's continuator, s.a. 962, MGH SS 1: 625; "Obiit Adalbero presul Mettensium." Annales Mettenses Brevissimi, s.a. 962, MGH SS 3: 155; "Anno siquidem nongentesimo sexagesimo secundo a dominici hominis incarnatione, viam universae carnis ingresso reparatore sanctae religionis primo Adelberone, vacabant cathedra sanctae Mettensis aecclesiae proprio viduatae pastore." Sigebert of Gemblous, Vita Deoderici I, c. 3, MGH SS 4: 465] and 964 in others [e.g., "Anno Domini 964, regni Ottonis 26., imperii eiusdem anno 3. domnus Adelbero huius nominis secundus, Metensis epyscopus et abbas huius loci, postquam 20 annis huic abbatie prefui, quadam die ad hoc monasterium deveniens, in lecto egritudinis cecidit, convocatisque fratribus, post sacramentorum sumptionem, 7.Kalendas Maii in Domino obdormivit. Cuius corpus post solempnes exequias in latere exterioris parietis ipsius monasterii ad levam versus claustri ambitum est sepultum. Cui Theodericus huius nominis primus, Ottonis imperatoris consobrinus, in epyscopatu Metensi, et Thietfridus in abbacia huius loci succedit." Gestorum abb. Trud. cont. tertia, pt. 1, bk. 3, c. 13, MGH SS 10: 378]. His chronology is made more difficult by the fact that some episcopal lists omit his predecessor Benno and make him the successor of Benno's predecessor Wigeric (not to be confused with Adalbero's father) ["Quadragesimus quintus divae memoriae domnus Adelbero successit Wigerico. Inter multa Gorziense coenobium pene collapsum fundis et aedificiis restruxit, muro circumdedit; simuli modo et sancti Arnulfi ecclesiae in Metti multa commoda providit. Sedit annis 35, mensibus 9, diebus 25, sub apostolicis Iohanne VII. et Iohanne VIII. et Leone VII, regnantibus Zentebodo et . Obiit 6. Kalend. Maii. Gorziae sustinet resurrectionsi diem" Gesta Episcoporum Mettensium, c. 45, MGH SS 10: 542 (death of Wigericus given as Kalend. Marcii, ibid., c. 44, p. 541)]. See Wichmann (1891), 117-9, for a detailed discussion of the chronology of Adalbero's death.

Sons probably by Wigeric: For the following two sons, the evidence tilts strongly in favor of Wigeric being the father.

Son whose father in unclear: There does not seem to be any strong evidence placing Giselbert as a son of either Wigeric or Ricuin, and it remains uncertain which one was his father.

Probable relative of Cunégonde or of her husband Wigeric:

Himiltrude, living 6 October 944, abbess of St. Glossindis. A charter of bishop Adalbero of Metz refers to his neptis Himiltrude [Wampach 198-200 (#158)]. However, the chronology seems to make her an unlikely niece of Adalbero, so neptis probably refers to a more general relationship here. Depoin wrongly made her a sister of Adalbero [see the Commentary section].

Probable relatives of Cunégonde or of her husband Wigeric:

Ève, countess, living 16 August 950, d. 19 or 20 February (xi kal. Martii), before June 960. m. Hugues, count of Chaumontois, deceased by ca. 940?; and their sons: Arnoul, d. 13 June, before 16 August 950, count. Odelric, d. 969, archbishop of Reims, 962-9. See <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric's page</a> for a discussion of these individuals.

<h3 style="line-height: normal; text-transform: none; font-variant: normal; font-style: normal; text-indent: 0px; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; white-space: normal; letter-spacing: normal; color: #000000; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">Commentary</h3>

The literature on the problem of the family relationships of Cunégonde is extensive. The fact that so much of the documentation depends on indirect evidence has led to different interpretations of that evidence, making it impractical to attempt an account which is definitive on every point. Nevertheless, a reasonable consensus has developed on many of the more important issues in the genealogy of Cunégonde's family.

Even the identity of Cunégonde herself requires discussion, for it depends on the usual identification of the Cunégonde who was wife of count Wigeric with the woman of that name who appears in numerous genealogical tables from the eleventh century and later as the mother of Sigefroid of Luxemburg and grandmother of the empress Cunégonde, wife of emperor Heinrich II. Thus, let us begin by concentrating on the Cunégonde who was the wife of count Wigeric, and leave until later the questions of her identity with Sigefroid's mother and her parentage. The main pieces of direct evidence for the family of Cunégonde, wife of Wigeric, which form the foundation on which her family can be reconstructed, are the following:

<li>In the period 908×915, king Charles the Simple donated to the church of Saint-Lambert at Liège the abbacy of Hastières, then held by count Wigeric ("Windricus"), his wife Cunégonde, and one of their sons Adalbero (called nepos of the king) during their lives ["... comes Windricus ..., diebus vite sue et uxoris eius nomine Cunegundis et unius filiorum ipsorum videlicet nostri nepotis Adelberonis, ..." Wampach (1935), 166 (#144); see <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric's page</a> for the complete transcript]. The appearance of Regnier I (d. 915) in this document dates it to 915 at the latest, but it could be as early as 908 [ibid., 165]. The identity of this Adalbero with bishop Adalbero of Metz is confirmed by a donation of Hastière by bishop Adalbero, dated 6 October 944, in which Adalbero mentioned his neptis Himiltrude, abbess of St. Glossindis (see above), and stated that his father (genitor) Wigeric died and was buried there ["..., prefatam abbatiam iam dicto concessi loco, quemadmodum mihi genitor meus nobilis comes Vigiricus fecit, qui in eodem monasterio ergastulo solutus mortis et traditus sepulture, ..." ibid., 200 (#158)].</li>

<li>In a donation of 8 April 960, Liutgard mentions her parents Wigeric and Cunégone, her deceased husbands (seniores) Adalbert and Eberhard, and unnamed sons ["... ego Liutgardis ..., quod michi ex parentibus meis Wigerico et Cunegunda hereditario iure acceccit, pro remedio et absloutione eorundem parentaum meorum, seniorum quoque meorum Alberti et Everhardi vel filiorum meorum ...", Wampach (1935), 216-9 (#168); see <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric's page</a> for the complete transcript. A supposed son of Wigeric and Cunégonde named Henry who appears in a false charter need not concern us here (see below).</li>

<li>The contemporary chronicler Flodoard states that Frédéric, son-in-law of Hugues the Great (and later duke of Upper Lorraine), was a frater of bishop Adalbero of Metz ["Interea Fredericus, Adalberonis episcopi frater, ..." Flodoard, Annales, s.a. 951, 130 (see below for the entire quote)], as does the life of Wicbert ["... Adelbero, primus huius nominis Mettensis episcopus, qui nobilium christianissimus et christainorum nobillissimus - erat quippe frater Fritherici ducis" Vita Wicberti MGH SS 8: 511]. An act of Otto I, dated 3 June 960, calls Frédéric a germanus of Adalbero ["..., qualiter compater noster Adalbero, egregius videlicet sanctae Mettensis aecclesiae presul, una cum germano suo Friderico duce ..." MGH DD O I 289 (#210)].</li>

<li>The life of abbot John of Gorze states that bishop Adalbero's mother had a second marriage [Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 40, 76], and later identifies Adalbero's vitricus [stepfather] as Richizo [ibid., c. 105, 134], clearly count Ricuin of Verdun, who was murdered by count Boso in 923. (See the pages of <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric</a> and <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/richw000.htm">Ricuin</a> for more details.)</li>

<li>The life of abbot John refers to a germanus of bishop Adalbero as Gozlin, who was holding the village of Varengeville (Waringis villa) as a benefice ["... germanus ipsius Gozilinus in benefitio retinebat, quae Waringis villa dicitur, ..." Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 99, 128]. Referring to the same incident, the miracles of St. Gorgon, without naming the brother, call him the one of his brothers who was more dear than the others ["Tenebat igitur villam illam unus fratrum eius carior ceteris; ..." Miracula S. Gorgonii, c. 10, MGH SS 4: 241].</li>

<li>The testament of count Gozlin, executed by his widow Uda in 943, has his fratres Frédéric, Giselbert, and Sigebert as witnesses ["... Friderici, Gisilberti, Sigeberti, fratrum predicti Gozlini, ..." Wampach (1935), 196 (#156)].</li>

<li>The life of abbot John, referring to the disposition of the lands of the recently deceased count palatine Hamadeus soon after 945 (thus after the death of Gozlin), states that there were several fratres of Adalbero ex matre (referred to as germani later in the same chapter) whom the archbishop would like to support if possible ["... fratres ei plures ex matre erant ..." Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 110, 138; for a brief account of Hamadeus, see Chatelain (1898-1901), 13: 290].</li>

</ul>

From these basic pieces of information, various points of the genealogy of Cunégonde's family can be reconstructed with varying degrees of confidence. Since we know that Adalbero's mother remarried, we are presented with the additional problem that individuals called "brothers" might have had only one parent in common, plus the additional complications which would be introduced if some more extended meaning (such as brother-in-law, adopted brother, or cousin) were used. We shall follow nearly all previous scholars in assuming that the above references to a frater or germanus imply at least one parent in common [For an unconvincing attempt at the contrary, see Jackman (2000?)]. Even with this assumption, there are a number of alternatives which need to be considered. One obvious question would be the following.

Did Wigeric have any wives other than Cunégonde?

One suggestion which has appeared in a couple of places is that Wigeric survived Cunégonde and married another wife after her, and that it was this later wife who then married Ricuin. This totally implausible scenario is excluded by the most natural reading of Vita Iohannis Gorziensis, among other evidence, and need not detain us further here [see <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric's page</a> for more details]. Much more common in the literature are the suggestions that Wigeric had an earlier wife named Ève, and a daughter by her named Berthe/Bertha, wife of Ebroin of Florennes [e.g., Vanderkindere (1902), 2: 203-4; Lefort (1900), 365, would place Gozlin as a son of Wigeric by this supposed first wife Ève.]. The source of this claim, the late and legendary history of the monastery of Waulsort, states that a certain count Wedericus (whom the proponents of this theory would identify with the Wigeric who was husband of Cunégonde) had, by his wife Eva, a daughter Berta, who passed Florennes to her husband count Ebroinus [Historia Walciordorensis Monasterii, MGH SS 14: 505]. However, there is no good reason to accept this, for even if Historia Walciordorensis Monasterii were a credible source, there would still be the problem of identification [see, e.g., Depoin (1905-8), 29ff., who accepts the information from the Historia, but rejects the identification, instead making Wedericus and Eva the maternal grandparents of Wigeric, husband of Cunégonde (also unconvincing); this is all discussed more fully on <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/wiger000.htm">Wigeric's page</a>]. Although it would be difficult to rule out an otherwise unknown earlier marriage of Wigeric, given the scanty evidence, there is no good evidence for such a marriage. Note that if we did make Gozlin a son of Wigeric by an earlier marriage, then his fratres Frédéric, Giselbert, and Sigebert would then not be children of a later marriage of Cunégonde, and we would have to account for the words "ex matre" in some other way (for example, by hypothesizing an otherwise unknown son of Ricuin and Cunégonde, by making Sigebert and Sigefroid distinct and making the latter a son of Ricuin, or by explaining away the words "ex matre").

Could any of Gozlin, Frédéric, Giselbert, or Sigebert have been Wigeric's children by a previous marriage?

Although there is no evidence to suggest a positive answer to this question, it is still useful to discuss this point briefly for the sake of completeness. While the chronology of the marriage of Wigeric and Cunégonde is uncertain, their children were mentioned in the plural by 915 at the latest, and their son Adalbero became a bishop in 929. A statement about Adalbero's youth in the life of abbot John most likely means that he was not yet of the canonical age of thirty ["..., episcopo adhuc tunc iunioris ætatis adherens, ..." Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 55, 88], and not that he became bishop in his teens. Thus, Wigeric and Cunégonde could not have been married after 913 (as an extreme limit), and had probably been married by about 905 or so. A birth as early as 905 would be plausible enough for Gozlin, who had at least four children at the time of his death in 942×3, but even in that case there would still be no good reason to complicate matters by making him the son of a hypothetical earlier wife of Wigeric. As for the other sons, there is no good reason to complicate the chronology by making them older than Adalbero, especially in view of the evidence discussed in the next paragraph. Thus, although Cunégonde is directly attested only as the mother of Adalbero and Liutgarde, it is virtually certain that she was also the mother of Gozlin, with even more certainty for Frédéric, Giselbert, and Sigebert.

How should the words "fratres ei plures ex matre" in Vita Iohannis Gorziensis be interpreted?

The relevant passage reads as follows: "... Episcopus vultu toto demutatus: 'Vos,' ait, 'numquam quicquam eorum tenuistis, et omni tempore benefitio sunt deputata.' Causa vero erat quod in his difficilis videbatur quod fratres ei plures ex matre erant et eis usque ad id temporis parum consulere potuerat, pluribus res episcopii retinentibus, quos privare nec ius nec consilium erat - tanto robore ex superioribus episcoporum rebus fractis nitebantur - et ideo hac vel qualibet occasione ipsis germanis quo quid largiretur expectabat." [Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 110, 139]. As the passage refers to events after Gozlin's death, he would evidently not be one of these brothers. There is no good reason to doubt that these fratres ex matre included Frédéric, Giselbert, and Sigebert, who were all living at the time, and would thus be sons of Cunégonde. The words "ex matre" appear to indicate that at least one of the brothers had a different father than Adalbero, but it need not imply that all of these brothers were only maternal half-brothers. Since these fratres ex matre could also have included a son or sons who are unknown from other records, this passage is inconclusive regarding the identity of the father of Frédéric, Giselbert, and Sigebert. Parisse states that this confirms that Cunégonde's children were by more than one marriage, whether with Wigeric and Ricuin or with Wigeric and a third marriage [ibid., 139, n. 125]. Hlawitschka regards this passage as an embellishment [Hlawitschka (2002), 63-4]

Why does Sigefroid of Luxemburg belong in this family?

The main issue here is one of identification. An eleventh century genealogical table, existing also in several later versions, identifies the empress Cunégonde, the wife of emperor Heinrich II, as a daughter of count Sigefroid, son of Cunégonde, daughter of Ermentrude, daughter of Louis II of France [see, e.g., MGH SS 2: 314; 6: 32, 176; more recently, see Schmid (1994), which includes plates of the various versions of this source; however, see Jackman (2000?), for an attempt to reject Siegfried's genealogy as unreliable]. Other than the obvious fact that the name coincides, there are several reasons for identifying Cunégonde, wife of Wigeric and Ricuin, with Cunégonde, mother of Sigefroid and granddaughter of Louis II of France:

<li>Gerbert of Aurillac (later pope Sylvester II), in a letter of 985 to the empress Theophano (wife of Otto II), mentions a count Sigefridus as patruus of Godefridus, the latter clearly count Godefroid of Verdun (son of Gozlin, son of Wigeric and Cunégonde), both captives at the time ["Nam II kal. apr. captos comites allocutus, Godefridum, patruumque ejus Sigefridum, ..." Gerbert, Letters, 48 (#52)]. According to the usual definition of patruus (paternal uncle), this would make this count Sigefridus a brother of Gozlin. Although this Sigefroid is not explicitly identified with the count who held Luxemburg, this is the obvious identification.</li>

<li>The onomastic evidence suggests a connection, since in addition to a daughter named Cunégonde, Sigefroid had children named Adalbero, Frédéric, Giselbert, and Liutgarde, the same names as four of the known children of Cunégonde, wife of Wigeric.</li>

<li>Since Sigefroid's mother Cunégonde was a niece of Charles the Simple, the above reference of Adalbero as a nepos of Charles fits very well with him being a brother of Sigefroid, which would make Adalbero a grandnephew of Charles, well within the definitions of the sometimes ambiguous term nepos. Although "nephew" or "grandson" would be a more common meaning of the word nepos, Charles is not known to have had any sister or daughter named Cunégonde, making those interpretations unlikely.</li>

<li>It is possible that Sigefroid was identical with Sigebert, brother of Gozlin. This identification, which has been widely accepted, is discussed on <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/siegf000.htm">Sigefroid's page</a>. Even if Sigebert and Sigefroid were distinct individuals [e.g., as argued by Parisse (1981), 23], they could still have been brothers.</li>

</ul>

In the absence of negative evidence, there would be no problem in deducing from the above evidence that Cunégonde, mother of Sigefroid was identical with Cunégonde, wife of Wigeric. Four main objections have been advanced by those who doubt this identification [see, e.g., Parisot (1905a)]:

<li>Descendants of Sigefroid were enemies of descendants of Wigeric [Hirsch (1862), 1: 530-1; Vanderkindere (1902), 2: 331].</li>

<li>There are supposed marriages between descendants of Wigeric's children Gozlin and Liutgarde and descendants of Sigefroid, which, if valid, would rule out the possibility that Sigefroid was a brother of Gozlin and Liutgarde [Vanderkindere (1902), 2: 332].</li>

<li>Judith, benefactor of the abbey of Saint-Mathias de Trèves in 1037, was supposedly the paternal aunt of Adalbero, son of Sigefroid. However, she was obviously not a daughter of Wigeric and Cunégonde [Vanderkindere (1902), 2: 332-3].</li>

<li>The chronology of Sigefroid and of some of his children makes it appear that he belongs in a later generation [Vanderkindere (1902), 2: 332].</li>

</ul>

We can quickly set aside the first of the above objections, as it was certainly not unknown for relatives, even close ones, to be enemies. The remaining points require more discussion.

There are certain supposed marriages which would apparently rule out the possibility that Sigefroid was a brother of Gozlin or Liutgarde. One of these marriages, involving Judith, wife of Adalbert, is discussed in relation to the third point in the next paragraph. Another marriage which is claimed to be troublesome was the marriage of Frédéric, son of Sigefroid, to an unnamed granddaughter of Gerberge, wife of count Megingoz and supposedly a daughter either of Gozlin or of his son Godefroid of Verdun. If true, then Frédéric's marriage would be to a first cousin (or a first cousin once removed). However, Gerberge was in fact a sister of the duke Godefroid of Lorraine who died in 964, daughter of another Godefroid, and only a first cousin of Godefroid of Verdun (see the page of the earlier <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/godef001.htm">Godefroid</a>), probably through the latter's mother [see Hlawitschka (1969), 55-8]. Thus, there is no good reason to believe that Gerberge was a descendant of Gozlin, and this objection is based on a false premise. Similarly, any similar objection with regard to the marriage of Éve, daughter of Sigefroid, to count Gérard is undermined by the fact that there is no good reason to accept Vanderkindere's claim that Gérard was a descendant of Liutgarde, daughter of Wigeric and Cunégonde [Vanderkindere (1902), 2: 333-4, 476; see Hlawitschka (1969), 79ff].

The objections involving Judith, wife of duke Adalbert of Lorraine, are based mainly on the claim that she was a sister of Sigefroid. Since Judith, who was still living in 1037, does not make a chronologically believable daughter of either Wigeric or of his wife Cunégonde (and since it would stretch credulity to combine a hypothesis that Sigefroid was the son of an otherwise unknown third marriage of Cunégonde with another hypothesis that Judith was a much younger paternal half sister of Sigefroid), this alleged sibling relationship between Sigefroid and Judith would, if valid, require us to reject a sibling relationship between Sigefroid and Adalbero of Metz. However, the "evidence" that Judith was a sister of Sigefroid cons

Cunégonde, née vers 893, morte après 923, était la fille d'Ermentrude, une fille de Louis II le Bègue, roi des Francs. L'identité de son père n'a pas été transmise à notre époque et aucune étude actuelle n'a permis de l'identifier.

§Biographie

Cunégonde épousa en 909 Wigéric de Bidgau (890 - 919), comte palatin de Lotharingie, et eut :

Frédéric I^er († 978), qui fut comte de Bar, puis duc de Haute-Lotharingie

Adalbéron I^er († 962), élu évêque de Metz en 929

Gilbert († 964), comte en Ardennes

Sigebert, cité en 942.

Liutgarde, qui épousa Adalbert, comte de Metz, puis Eberhard IV, comte de Nordgau.

Gothelon, comte de Bidgau, († 942), marié à Uda de Metz et père de Godefroy le captif, comte de Verdun.

Sigefroy, comte de Luxembourg.

Elle se remaria vers 922 avec Ricuin, comte de Verdun († 923)

Quellenangaben

1	Familias Freixa, Kylin y otras, Cunégunde de France Autor: Miguel Alberto Freixa

Datenbank

Titel	Gröger Ahnentafel
Beschreibung	Es betrifft die Familien Gröger, Klauke, Riedel, Mörchen, Guntermann, u.a.
Hochgeladen	2018-12-25 17:16:30.0
Einsender	Adolf Gröger
E-Mail	addygroeger@freenet.de
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