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Sir Hugh de Courtenay (12 July 1303 - 2 May 1377) was the 2nd or 10th Earl of Devon and 2nd Baron Courtenay. He played an important role in the Hundred Years War in the service of King Edward III. His chief seat was Tiverton Castle. Family Hugh de Courtenay was born 12 July 1303, the second but first surviving son of Hugh de Courtenay, 9th Earl of Devon, by Agnes de Saint John, daughter of Sir John Saint John of Basing, Hampshire.[1] Career On 20 January 1327 Courtenay was made a knight banneret.[2] In 1333 both he and his father were at the Battle of Halidon Hill.[3] He was summoned to Parliament on 23 April 1337 by writ directed to Hugoni de Courteney juniori, by which he is held to have become Baron Courtenay during the lifetime of his father.[4] In 1339 he and his father were with the forces which repulsed a French invasion of Cornwall, driving the French back to their ships.[5] The 9th Earl died 23 December 1340 at the age of 64. Courtenay succeeded to the earldom, and was granted livery of his lands on 11 January 1341.[6] In 1342 the Earl was with Edward III's expedition to Brittany.[7] Richardson states that the Earl took part on 9 April 1347 in a tournament at Lichfield.[8] However in 1347 he was excused on grounds of infirmity from accompanying the King on an expedition beyond the seas, and about that time was also excused from attending Parliament,[9] suggesting the possibility that it was the Earl's eldest son and heir, Hugh Courtenay, who had fought at the Battle of Crecy on 26 August 1346, who took part in the tournament at Lichfield. In 1350 the King granted the Earl permission to travel for a year, and in that year the house of the White Friars was built for him in London.[10] In 1352 he was appointed Joint Warden of Devon and Cornwall,[11] and returned to Devon. In 1361 he and his wife were legatees in the will of her brother, Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford,[12] which greatly increased his land holdings. Later years Courtenay made an important contribution to the outcome of the Battle of Poitiers in 1356.[13] The Black Prince had sent the baggage train under Courtenay to the rear, which proved to be a wise manoeuvre as the long trail of wagons and carts blocked the narrow bridge and the Frenchmen's escape route. Courtenay played little part in the battle as a result of his defensive role. Courtenay retired with a full pension from the King.[citation needed] In 1373 he was appointed Chief Warden of the Royal Forests of Devon,[14] the income of which in 1374 was assessed by Parliament at £1500 per annum.[citation needed] He was one of the least wealthy of the English earls, and did not compare in this respect with his much wealthier fellow warrior lords such as Arundel, Suffolk, and Warwick.[15] He had nevertheless a retinue of 40 knights, esquires and lawyers in Devon.[citation needed] He also held property by entail, including five manors in Somerset, two in Cornwall, two in Hampshire, one in Dorset and one in Buckinghamshire.[16] The earl had stood as patron in the career of John Grandisson, Bishop of Exeter. He supported the taking-on of debt to build churches in the diocese of Exeter. Marriage and issue On 11 August 1325 Courtenay married Margaret de Bohun daughter and heiress of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Earl of Essex by Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, a daughter of King Edward I. He thereby acquired the manor of Powderham, given by Margaret's father as her marriage portion, and given in turn by Margaret to one of her younger sons, Sir Philip Courtenay,[citation needed] whose family has occupied it until the present day and who were recognised in 1831 as having been de jure Earls of Devon from 1556. He had been contracted to marry Margaret since 27 September 1314.[17] They had eight sons and five daughters:[18] Sir Hugh Courtenay (1327-1349), KG, who predeceased his father. He married Elizabeth de Vere, daughter of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford and Maud de Badlesmere. They had an only son, Hugh Courtenay, 3rd Baron Courtenay, (d. without issue 20 February 1374).[19] Thomas Courtenay, born about 1329, canon of Crediton and Exeter.[20] Died in the Church of Austin Friars, London.[citation needed] Sir Edward Courtenay, who was born about 1331 at Haccombe, Devon, and died between 2 February 1368 and 1 April 1371, predeceasing his father. He married Emeline Dawney (c.1329 - 28 February 1371), daughter and heiress of Sir John Dawney (d.1346/7) of Mudford Terry, Somerset, and had issue:[21] Edward Courtenay, 11th Earl of Devon (d.1419), who married Maud Camoys. The earldom remained in their descendants until their great-grandson, Thomas Courtenay, 14th Earl of Devon, was beheaded at York on 3 April 1461 after the Battle of Towton, dying without issue. All his honours were forfeited by attainder, and the earldom eventually passed, after a brief period of confusion during the Wars of the Roses (for which see Earl of Devon), by a new creation in 1485 to Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon (d.1509), the grandson of Sir Hugh Courtenay of Haccombe and Bampton (1358-1425), brother of the 11th Earl.[22] Sir Hugh Courtenay of Haccombe and Bampton (1358-1425), whose grandson was Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon (d.1509). Robert Courtenay of Moreton. William Courtenay, Archbishop of Canterbury, (c.1342 - 31 July 1396.[23] Sir Philip Courtenay (c.1355 - 29 July 1406) of Powderham, who married Ann Wake, daughter of Sir Thomas Wake by Alice, daughter of Sir John de Patteshull.[24][25] Sir Peter Courtenay (c. 1346 - 2 February 1405) of Hardington Mandeville, Somerset, who married Margaret Clyvedon, daughter and heiress of John de Clyvedon.[26] His monumental brass, much worn, but still showing the arms of Courtenay impaling Bohun, may be seen in the south aisle, Exeter Cathedral. Humphrey Courtenay, who died young without issue.[27] Margaret Courtenay married John de Cobham, 3rd Baron Cobham.[28] Elizabeth Courtenay (d. 7 August 1395), who married firstly, Sir John de Vere (d. before 23 June 1350) of Whitchurch, Buckinghamshire, eldest son and heir apparent of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford by Maud de Badlesmere, and secondly, Sir Andrew Luttrell of Chilton, in Thorverton, Devon.[29] Katherine Courtenay, who married Sir Thomas Engaine, 2nd Lord Engaine. She died 31 December 1399.[30] Anne Courtenay. Joan Courtenay, who married Sir John Cheverston (died c. 1375).[31] Death & burial Courtenay died at Exeter on 2 May 1377 and was buried in Exeter Cathedral[32] on the same day.[citation needed] His will was probated 28 Jan 1391. Footnotes ^ Cokayne 1916, p. 324; Richardson I 2011, pp. 538-40. ^ Cokayne 1916, p. 324; Richardson I 2011, pp. 538-40. ^ Cleaveland 1735, p. 151. ^ Cokayne 1916, p. 324; Richardson I 2011, pp. 540. ^ Cleaveland 1735, p. 151; Cokayne 1916, p. 324; Richardson I 2011, pp. 540. ^ Cokayne 1916, p. 324. ^ Cleaveland 1735, p. 151. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 540. ^ Cleaveland 1735, p. 151. ^ Cleaveland 1735, p. 152. ^ Cokayne 1916, p. 324. ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 540. ^ Sumption, vol.2, for Sir Edward's presence at the battle, Rymer's Foedera, III, i, 325, as cited by Hewitt, The Black Prince's Expedition 1355-7 (1958) ^ Cokayne 1916, p. 324; Richardson I 2011, pp. 538-40. ^ BL Add Mss ch. 13906 ^ Devon Livery Roll BL Add Mss.64320 ^ Cokayne 1916, p. 324; Richardson I 2011, p. 40. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 540. ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 542-3. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 543. ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 546-7; Lodge 1789, pp. 72-3. ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 546-7; Richardson IV 2011, p. 41. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 543. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 544. ^ Richardson II 2011, p. 28. ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 544-5. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 545. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 545. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 545; Richardson IV 2011, p. 268. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 545. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 545. ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 540. References Browning, Charles H., Americans of Royal Descent, 6th ed. 1905, p. 105-108 Beltz, George Frederick (1841). Memorials of the Order of the Garter. London: William Pickering. pp. 51-4. Cleaveland, E. (1735). A Genealogical History of the Noble and Illustrious Family of Courtenay. Exeter: Edward Farley. Retrieved 25 October 2012. Cokayne, George Edward (1916). The Complete Peerage edited by Vicary Gibbs IV. London: St Catherine Press. Holmes, G. Estates of Higher Nobility in Fourteenth Century England, Cambridge, 1957, p. 58 Lodge, John, rev. by Mervyn Archdall (1789). The Peerage of Ireland V. Dublin: James Moore. Retrieved 25 October 2012. Mortimer, Ian Edward III (London 2007). Ormrod, W. M. The Reign of Edward III (Tempus Publishing 1999). Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966373 Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381 Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1460992709 Saul, Nigel, ed. The Oxford History of Medieval England (OUP 1997). Register of Edward, the Black Prince, (ed) A. E. Stamp & M. C. B. Dawes (London 1930-33). Sumption, Jonathan, The Hundred Years War, 2 vols, Vol.1: Trial by Battle, vol. 2: Trial by Fire (Faber 1999). Waugh, Scott L., England in the Reign of Edward III (CUP 1991) Tuck, Anthony, Crown and Nobility; England 1272-1461: political conflict in late medieval England, 2nd ed., (Blackwell 1999). From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William B.
